The Simple Pendulum

Investigating periodic motion under the force of gravity.

The Concept: Pendulum Motion

A simple pendulum consists of a mass (the "bob") suspended from a pivot. When displaced and released, gravity creates a restoring force that pulls it back towards its equilibrium position, causing it to oscillate. For small angles, this motion is a very close approximation of Simple Harmonic Motion. Notice that the mass of the bob does not affect the period of the swing!

How to Use the Lab

  • Press Start to see the pendulum swing.
  • Adjust the Length (L) and Gravity (g) to see how they affect the period of oscillation.
  • Change the Mass (m) and observe that it has no effect on the period.
  • The graphs show the real-time angle, angular velocity, and angular acceleration.

Motion Graphs

Energy

Controls

System Properties