Transverse & Longitudinal Waves
Visualizing the fundamental types of wave motion.
The Concept: Wave Motion
Waves are disturbances that transfer energy through a medium without transferring matter. The way the particles of the medium oscillate determines the type of wave.
• Transverse: Particles oscillate perpendicular to the direction of wave travel (e.g., light, ripples on water).
• Longitudinal: Particles oscillate parallel to the direction of wave travel (e.g., sound).
How to Use the Lab
- Press Start to animate both wave types.
- Observe the direction of particle motion (red dots) versus the direction of wave propagation (rightward).
- Adjust the Frequency and Amplitude sliders.
- Notice how these changes affect the wavelength and speed of both waves.
Controls
Wave Equation
$v = f \lambda$